A living fence is a role largely lost to antiquity

 A living fence is a role largely lost to antiquity, this is actually what the german shepherd and related European “herders” were originally designed to do, but also what dogs like the bouvier des flandres, the old English sheepdog, the briard, Beauceron, etc were designed to do. They were kind of a blend between livestock guardian and herder. Protective of the “resource”, but not really bonded with the sheep as family and still firmly aware they were food. They also couldn’t do the precise herding of such large herds as true herding dogs like collies, kelpies, Koolies, and “Aussie and English” shepherds (both American), instead, they loosely drive a smaller band of sheep around from this pasture to that pasture, working closely with a shepherd, and then watch over them loosely as well. They are very intelligent with fairly balanced primitive drives and attributes, and indeed the instincts and principles used in the “living fence” herding approach are actually used by wild wolves which live as “living fences” for herds of elk, bison, and musk ox, and it is likely to man learned grazing and herding from primitive “living fence” dogs.

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